CONSIDERATIONS OF POSSIBLE SELECTIVE MINING SYSTEMS FOR LAYERED DEPOSITS OF LOW-THICKNESS NON-METALLIC MINERAL RAW MATERIALS WITH PRONOUNCED TECTONIC DISTURBANCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Abstract

The Republic of Serbia possesses deposits of non-metallic mineral raw materials characterized by low thickness and pronounced tectonic disturbance. Conventional mining methods used in such deposits are outdated, resulting in low productivity, a high number of manual laborers, and limited production output, accompanied by extremely high production costs. Based on a detailed geological, technical, and economic analysis, it has been determined that modern exploitation approaches, such as the application of the room-and-pillar method along the dip of the ore layer with forced roof caving and mechanized loading can significantly increase production capacity and reduce costs in such deposits. This paper explores potential mining systems aimed at improving labor productivity while reducing the reliance on manual labor through the use of mining mechanization. It specifically considers the case of harder ore bodies, where selective mining of layers up to 1.5 meters thick will be applied using drilling and blasting operations, combined with diesel-powered machinery. The paper provides an overview of work organization, investment requirements, and highlights the structure of production costs to determine the final cost of extracted ore.